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Four Welding Methods of Laser Welding Machine
The laser welding machine, also often called laser welder or fiber laser welding machine, is a machine for laser material processing, which uses high-energy laser pulses to locally heat the material in a small area. The energy of laser radiation diffuses into the material through heat conduction, and the material is melted to form a specific molten pool to achieve the purpose of welding. The following four welding methods are introduced.
1.Resistance Welding
It is used to weld thin metal parts. Between two electrodes, the work-piece is clamped, and the surface contacted by the electrode is melted by a large current, that is, welding is performed by the resistance heating of the work-piece. The work-piece is easily deformed. Resistance welding is welded on both sides of the joint, while laser welding is only performed on one side. Electrodes used in resistance welding require frequent maintenance to remove oxides and metal adhering from the work-piece. Laser welding of thin metal lap joints does not touch the work-piece, and the beam can also enter the areas that are difficult to weld by conventional welding, and the welding speed is fast.2.Argon Arc Welding
The use of non-consumable electrodes and shielding gas is often used to weld thin work-pieces, but the welding speed is slower, and the heat input is much larger than laser welding, which is prone to deformation.3.Plasma Arc Welding
Similar to the argon arc, but its welding torch will produce a compressed arc to increase the arc temperature and energy density. It is faster than argon arc welding and has greater penetration, but it is inferior to laser welding.4.Electron Beam Welding
It relies on a beam of accelerated high-energy-density electrons to hit the work-piece, which generates huge heat in a small dense area on the surface of the work-piece, forming a "small hole" effect, thereby implementing deep penetration welding. The main disadvantage of electron beam welding is that it requires a high vacuum environment to prevent electron scattering, the equipment is complicated, the size and shape of the welded parts are limited by the vacuum chamber, and the quality of the welded parts assembly is strict. Under non-vacuum conditions, electron beam welding can also be implemented, but the focus is not good due to electron scattering, which affects the effect.Electron beam welding also has magnetic offset and X-ray problems. Since the electrons are charged and will be affected by the deflection of the magnetic field, the electron beam welding work piece must be demagnetized before welding. X-rays are particularly strong under high pressure, and operators need to be protected. Laser welding does not require a vacuum chamber and demagnetization treatment before welding the work-piece, it can be welded in the atmosphere, and there is no problem with anti-X-ray, so it can be operated online in the production line, and it can also weld magnetic materials.
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